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Recombinant human TGF-beta 1 (TGF-β 1) protein containing 112 amino acids expressed in HEK293 cells for improved protein activity and proper post-translational modifications.
TGF-beta 1 (transforming growth factor beta 1, TGF-β 1) is a member of the TGF-β superfamily, released from degranulating platelets and secreted by all major cell types involved in tissue repair, including lymphocytes, macrophages, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. TGF-beta 1 is the most predominant of the three isoforms (TGF-β 1, TGF-β 2, TGF-β 3).
TGF-beta 1 protein regulates cell proliferation, growth, movement, and differentiation. Endogenous TGF-beta 1 inhibits the cell cycle in the G1 phase, controlling apoptosis in normal and pathological tissues.
Recombinant human TGF-beta 1 protein is used with bFGF to support the culture and maintenance of undifferentiated human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Cell signaling via TGF-beta 1 regulates a variety of diverse cellular phenotypes and functions, including metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, fibrogenesis, and immune cell homeostasis.
TGF-beta 1 protein binds to serine-threonine kinase type I and II receptors to activate signal transduction through SMAD2/3 pathways.
Cross-reactivity: Mouse, rat, cow, dog, pig, horse
Applications: Pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) culture, pluripotency maintenance, differentiation, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) culture, neural cell culture, immunology
Cell types: Pluripotent stem cells, iPSCs, ESCs, MSC, neural stem and progenitor cells, T cells, B cells, monocytes
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